Arnavaadi OR Bhutaadi Sankhya

In Sanskrit there are three types of number notations .
1) normal number systems normal number systems where each symbols has value. 1-is one etc.
2) second is the katapayadi sankhya and other systems which assign individual phonemes to values.
3) third is the arnvaadi sankhya also called Bhutaadi sankhya which assign words to numbers

In Jyotish texts like Brihat Parashara hora shastra, Jaataka Parijaata etc all three types of number systems are used. In Jaimini Updesha sutra Katapayaadi Sankhya is used.  Please refer other articles for Katapayaadi system

Arnavaadi (so called by Sri V. Subramania Shastri in Jataka Parijaata commentary) is used by Parashara and other classical authors extensively. Arna means groups and Bhuta mean elements. There are certain items which are famous for their groups. For example when we say Veda, there is always four vedas, and hence Veda is synonym for number four. Similarly, when we say Rishi, there are primarily seven rishi and hence Rishi represents number 7.  Thus, there are intrinsic number value to certain words. The commentary Subramanya Sastri in translation of Jaataka Parijaata is worth reading in this topic.

Some such examples are given below.,

This post I would like to briefly list the ways numbers are denoted arnaavaadi sankhya.
0- kha(sky),Ambara(and all words denoting sky).
1-Rupa(form),Indu(moon). Bhumi(earth).
2- paksha(phases), Ashwin (there are two Ashwin Kumar),Akshi(Eyes)
3- dahana(fire),Agni, Raama(There are 3 Raama,Raghu Raama, Bala raama, parashu raama), Guna(There are three gunas, satva, rajas and tamas).
4-Abda(water),Veda(There are 4 vedas),  Payo(Water, represents number 4), Kumara (There are 4 Kumara, Sanaka, Sanaathana, Sananda, sanata), Yuga(There 4 yugas or time period era), Krita (since Krita yuga has 4 times values)
5 - bhuta(there are 5 primary States of matter), Ishu(arrow), baana(arrow), Shara(arrows), Indriya( Senses There are 5 primary senses) ,Aksha (Dice)
6 -rasa(Taste),ritu(seasons, there are six of them), anga(body part, there are six body part of veda, called vedanga), tarka(logic)
7- Nagaa, Giri(mountains),, ashwa(horse), naga(moutain), shaila(mountain,There are 7 prime mountains), Rishi (There are 7 rishis called sapta rishi)
8- Bhuja (snakes), गजा, gaja(elephants, 8 prime types gaurding the planar directions)
9-anka(number, there are 9 denoted numbers),nanda(cow), go(cow)
10- dig(directions)
11-Isha(Lord Shiva), Rudra, (There are 11 rudras hence 11 represents rudra)
12-Arka(Sun), Aditya(Sun) (Number 12 indicates sun).
16- nripaala(king), ( Nripa and all words indicating king).
20-nakhaa(nails, there are 20 of them)
24- Siddha(Accomplished, mystic saints)
27-Bha, there are 27 primarily nakshatra.
30-Khara (Demon, Evil) and Number 30 indicates our evil self.
33- Deva(There are thirty three prime devatas.
49-Maruta(Wind gods, primarily 49)

Note: The all words having the same meaning has same value, Like Agni, Dahana etc all are fire having value 3.

Compound words, Some numbers can be represented by combinations, for examples parashare says

• Khaveda amsa to denote 40th division, Kha=0 and Veda=4 , and numbers are represented in reverse weights by the rule Ankaanaam vamano gati, 04 becomes 40.
• Aksha-vedamsa is used by parashara for 45th division, Aksha[5, VEda=4 ->5,4 = 54

Most of the above numbers are taken from Brihat Parasha hora shastra (Lessons containing years of dasa etc).I will keep addition to this list in future.

Bhaavesha in a Bhaava/ House lords in various house

|| Om Gurave Namah ||

Namaste Jyotishas,

 The results of bhaavesha (houses lord) in each of bhaava (houses) is one of the basics of jyotish. This subject is both fundamental and like all jyotish topics can reach advanced levels.

 There are 12 Bhaavesha(lords) and 12 houses. So there are 12 x 12 = 144 combinations to remember. In fact, Rishi Parashara has spend 144 shlokas to describe each results. He has not generalized anything to save shlokas, This indicates that each combination is unique and each needs it's own understanding, showing the depth of the topic.

 But, for the beginners remembering 144 combinations is daunting until one starts to find patterns in each, in fact there will be 144 patterns.

 To help the students in understanding the bhaava position, I have summarized the 144 shloks of BPHS on this topic a table below. I am using a point based system to summarize the shlokas, for example if the whole shloka speaks only good then give it 1 point, if say only quarter of the shloka has good to say then give .25 and if there is no good to mention then give 0 points.

L->H	1H	2H	3H	4H	5H	6H	7H	8H	9H	10H	11H	12H	Total
1L	0.75	1	1	1	0.50	0.25	0.25	0.25	1	1	1	0	8
2L	0.5	1	0.5	1	1	0.5	0.25	0.5	1	0.75	1	0	8
3L	1	0	1	0.75	0.75	0.25	0.75	0	0.75	0.75	0.75	0.25	7
4L	1	0.75	1	1	1	0	0.75	0	1	1	0.75	0	8.25
5L	0.75	1	0.75	1	0.75	0	1	0	1	1	1	0	8.25
6L	0.5	0.75	0	0.5	1	0.25	0.25	0	0.25	0.25	0.75	0	4.5
7L	0	0.25	0.25	0.75	1	0	1	0	1	0.75	0.75	0	5.75
8L	0	0	0	0	0.5	0.5	0.25	0.75	0	0.5	0.5	0.25	3.25
9L	1	1	1	1	1	0	1	0	1	1	1	0.5	9.5
10L	1	1	1	1	1	0.25	1	0.25	1	1	1	0.5	10
11L	1	1	0.75	1	1	0	0.75	0.5	1	1	1	0.75	9.75
12L	0	1	0	0	0.25	0	0	0.5	0	0	0.25	0	2
Total	7.5	8.75	7.25	9	9.75	2	7.25	2.75	9	9	9.75	2.25	84.3

(c) sanjayprabhakaran

1= Full benefits

0= No benefit results.


From the above you can say
1) 12 Lords is worst and can be bad wherever he goes. (Last row 2 points)
2) six house is the worst  (vertical columns are houses ) and it can spoil most lords.
3) Not all  lords are good in own house. (diagonal line)
So on you can interpret....you get the idea, Also try this in each divisional chart.

Warm Regards,
Sanjay P

Jyotish Measurement Units

|| Om Gurave Namah ||

Dear Jyotishas,

Here I will try to list the common units used in Jyotish text books.

Regards,

Sanjay P

Unit:घटिक ghaṭika Ghatika, 

Other Names: Nadi, Nadika, Naligai(Tamil)

Description: Approximate time for water to drain from a water pot. A day is divided in 60 Parts of 24 ghatikas.

Equivalent: 24 Minutes

Sub Unit:विघटिक vighaṭika vighatika

Description :  60th portion of Ghatika, Usually the prefix "vi" in mathematical units is to indicate 60th portion,

Equivalent: 24 Seconds

Unit: पल pala (As unit of Time)

Description:  A Vighatika is also called a Pala, so it's also 60th portion of Ghatika.

Equivalent: 24 Seconds.

Sub Unit: विपल vipala

Description: 60th portion of Pala.

Equivalent: 0.4 Seconds.

Unit: असु asu (as unit of time)

Description: 10 Vipala makes a asu

Equivalent: 4 Seconds.

Unit: प्राण prāṇa (as unit of time). 

Description: 1/6 of Vinadi or 10 Vipala, Same as Asu. Approximately equal to one breath cycle time. 

Equivalent: 4 Seconds.

From Surya Siddanta 
1.28  Sixty seconds (vikalaa) make a minute (kalaa); sixty of these, a degree (bhaaga); of thirty of the latter is composed a sign (raashi); twelve of these are a revolution (bhagana).

Karaṇa and Tithi Point

|| Om Gurave Namah ||

Dear Jyotishas,

  Tithi Sphuta or Tithi point is defined as Moon longitude subtracted by Sun longitude ( Moon - Sun = TithiSphuta, when negative add 360 degree to moon). Mark this point in the Jataka Chart (Horoscope). This point will indicate controller of water element in your chart.

Note this is a second level of analysis, firstly you have to do Panchanga(5 limbs of time) analysis and while doing that note the tithi and it's Lord, please refer standard text books to understand the tithi deity, lords etc.

Here in this blog note, we'll just briefly discuss the tithi sphuta on the chart. Mark the tithi sphuta (point) in the chart and see how it's placed. i.e it's rashi position and house position.

Tithi sphuta/point goes around the zodiac are rate of one full circle  in 29.5 days. Below is the Square format chart, I have marked two concentric squares over the normal square chart.  The outer square is the list of all the tithis, for 12 degrees. They are marked as S1 for Shukla paksha prathamai etc, A for Amavasya/New Moon, P for purnima and K1 etc for Krishna paksha prathamai. The next inner square is for karana for every 6 degree, The are marked as b=Bhava, B=Baalava, k-kaulava, t-taitula, g-garija,v-vanisha, V-Vishti, S-shakuni, C-chatushpada, N-Naaga, and K-Kimstugna.

For example when tithi point is 3* degrees, it will be Aries, so tithi is Shukla paksha pratamai (S1) and karaṇa is Kimstugna karaṇa.
Note the below rashi and grahas in all chart analysis,
1) S1 is ruled by Sun,
2) The point is in Aries ruled by Mars.
3) Kimstugna karaṇa is in 1st Panchamsa of Aries.
The afflictions to Tithi point will spoil marriage and general welfare, while afflictions to Karana will spoil Job, Promotions, Governance etc.

A

S1

S2

S3

S4

S5

S6

K14

S

C

N

K

b

B

k

t

g

v

V

b

B

k

t

g

S7

3

4

5

1

2

3

4

5

1

2

3

4

5

1

2

3

V

2

4

v

K13

v

1

5

V

S8

g

5

1

b

K12

t

4

2

B

S9

k

3

3

k

K11

B

2

Karana D5

4

t

S10

b

1

5

g

K10

V

5

1

v

S11

v

4

2

V

K9

g

3

3

b

S12

t

2

4

B

K8

k

1

5

k

S13

B

5

1

t

K7

b

4

2

g

S14

3

2

1

5

4

3

2

1

5

4

3

2

1

5

4

3

V

v

g

t

k

B

b

V

v

g

t

k

B

b

V

v

K6

K5

K4

K3

K2

K1

P