Samvatasara

Om Gurave Namah

Dear Friends,

A Brihaspati (Jupiter) Samvatsara is about 361 days long in fact for 4,320,000 Solar Years are 12x364220 Brihaspati Samvatsara. Samavatsara keep the time by Jupiter revolutions.
They are grouped in 60 years, The names of sixty years are given below.

At lower speed Sun and Moon are the time keepers, They give rise Panchanga Tithi, Vara, Nakshatra, Karana and Yoga.

Sun is the Soul and Moon is Mana. The various differences between Sun and Moon is called tithi.

For approximation, Lets take Sun take 365 days to go around the zodiac and Moon take 27.3 days, Tithi is Synodic period or Phases between Sun and Moon,

Let P the Paksha/phase period, S, Sun duration and  M the moon duration.

The formula

1/P = 1/M-1/S will give the paksha cycle.
Therefore P = (SxM)/(S-M) = (365-27.3)/(365 x 27.3) = 29.5
So the moon and Sun takes 29.5 days to join again.

To imagine: Lets assume that a car A (Sun) takes 365.25 days to go around a circle and another car B (Moon ) takes 27.3 to go around the same circle, How long will it take for the Car A and B to catch up ? it's 29.5 days.

The conjunction is like amavasya, so it takes 29.5 days between one amavasya to the next.

So how many sunrises can occur in this period? There are 30 Sunrises, Therefore we have 30 Tithi's.

Note this conjunction is not in the same place both cars started, So, suppose an conjuction happened in Pisces next time when will the conjuction happen?The slower is Sun so take 365 divide it by 29.5 Which should give you 12 so there are 12 months to conjoin again in the same Pisces.



Now using the same logic take Jupiter for Sun and Saturn for Moon. Jupiter is Jeeva and Saturn is the karma.

How long it will take for Jupiter and Saturn to conjoin?
We have Jupiter = 12 Years (more approximate actually 361 days x 12)  and Saturn = 30 Years( 29.4 more appx)

so Sat+Jup conjunction takes = 12x30/(30-12) = 20 Years appx.

Suppose Saturn and Jupiter are in 0 Degrees, Aries, the next conjunction will take 20 years and they will be in Sagittarius (20 years Saturn moves to Dhanur).  It will take another 20 years for them to join, But this time they will be Leo, They have still not come back to Aries!,
So another 20 years Saturn moves in to Aries and Jupiter is also there.

So it takes 60 years for the conjunction to happen again in Aries.

Just as in the case of Sun-Moon cycles we kept Sun constant to measure years of 365.24 days, In the Jupiter cycle we keep Jupiter constant and take them as appx 361.04  days.

The 20 year groups are called Vimshattika's (or simple 20s), The first 20 is called Brahma Vimshattika and 2nd Vishnu and 3rd is called Shiva Vimshatiika's. After 60 years the cycle returns.

20 Year periods indicates the generations. every 20 years the generations changes.

The Brahma group is more involved in Creation, children , productivity,  mass produce etc, Like youth more towards partnerships and passionate. Setting new worlds orders etc.

The Vishnu groups is more towards peace, sustenance, gathering of Wealth,Like middle aged person tending towards family and savings.

The Shiva groups is more towards breaking aways from cycles, carefree, breaking taboos and old norms,

Each of 20 years can be further broken into groups of 5 years each giving 4 smaller Yugas 4 x5years =20 years

Number	Name (IAST)	Notes	Current cycle	Prior cycle 1	Prior cycle 2	From Vijaya Count
1.	Prabhava	Pra+Bhava: Creator.	1987-1988 AD	1927-1928 AD	1867-1868 AD	35
2.	Vibhava	Vi+Bhava: Evolve,Spread, Grow	1988-1989 AD	1928-1929 AD	1868-1869 AD	36
3.	Śukla	White, Pure, Compare with Shukra	1989-1990 AD	1929-1930 AD	1869-1870 AD	37
4.	Pramodadūta	Pra+Moda=Excessive Joy	1990-1991 AD	1930-1931 AD	1870-1871 AD	38
5.	Prajāpati	Praja+Pati=Lord of Creatures.	1991-1992 AD	1931-1932 AD	1871-1872 AD	39
6.	Āṅgīrasa	Son of Angirasa	1992-1993 AD	1932-1933 AD	1872-1873 AD	40
7.	Śrīmukha	Shree+Mukha=Beautiful face,	1993-1994 AD	1933-1934 AD	1873-1874 AD	41
8.	Bhāva	from Bhu: To become, To Appear	1994-1995 AD	1934-1935 AD	1874-1875 AD	42
9.	Yuva	Youth, From Yu root to join or marry	1995-1996 AD	1935-1936 AD	1875-1876 AD	43
10	Dhātṛ	Founder	1996-1997 AD	1936-1937 AD	1876-1877 AD	44
11	Īśvara	Master, also for number 11,	1997-1998 AD	1937-1938 AD	1877-1878 AD	45
12	Bahudhānya	Abundance of Corn	1998-1999 AD	1938-1939 AD	1878-1879 AD	46
13	Pramāthi	Look:47,  Kali yuga 3102BC: Destroying/like Manthan.	1999-2000 AD	1939-1940 AD	1879-1880 AD	47
14	Vikrama	Vi+Krama=Proceed, Stride	2000-2001 AD	1940-1941 AD	1880-1881 AD	48
15	Vṛṣa	Bull, Leader,	2001-2002 AD	1941-1942 AD	1881-1882 AD	49
16	Chitrabhānu	Mental Fire, Bhairava	2002-2003 AD	1942-1943 AD	1882-1883 AD	50
17	Subhānu	shining beautifully or brightly	2003-2004 AD	1943-1944 AD	1883-1884 AD	51
18	Tāraṇa	causing or enabling to cross , helping over a difficulty , liberating , saving	2004-2005 AD	1944-1945 AD	1884-1885 AD	52
19	Pārthiva	King, From Pritvi, Earthly	2005-2006 AD	1945-1946 AD	1885-1886 AD	53
20	Vyaya	Loss, Spend,	2006-2007 AD	1946-1947 AD	1886-1887 AD	54
21	Sarvajit	Winner, Sarva+Jit	2007-2008 AD	1947-1948 AD	1887-1888 AD	55
22	Sarvadhārin	Protector: Sarva+Dhari	2008-2009 AD	1948-1949 AD	1888-1889 AD	56
23	Virodhin	opposing	2009-2010 AD	1949-1950 AD	1889-1890 AD	57
24	Vikṛti	Deformed, Transformed,	2010-2011 AD	1950-1951 AD	1890-1891 AD	58
25	Khara	Hard, Tough, Sharp (Sharp pointed birds or crying animals)	2011-2012 AD	1951-1952 AD	1891-1892 AD	59
26	Nandana	Rejoicing (From root Nand)	2012-2013 AD	1952-1953 AD	1892-1893 AD	60
27	Vijaya	Victory	2013-2014 AD	1953-1954 AD	1893-1894 AD	1
28	Jaya	Winning	2014-2015 AD	1954-1955 AD	1894-1895 AD	2
29	Manmatha	love or the god of love (விளாம் பழம்)	2015-2016 AD	1955-1956 AD	1895-1896 AD	3
30	Durmukha	bad face, abusive	2016-2017 AD	1956-1957 AD	1896-1897 AD	4
31	Hemalambin	hema+lamba(Golden Pendant?)	2017-2018 AD	1957-1958 AD	1897-1898 AD	5
32	Vilambin	Slow, Delay,	2018-2019 AD	1958-1959 AD	1898-1899 AD	6
33	Vikārin	Bad change, Changing, (Vi+Kaar)	2019-2020 AD	1959-1960 AD	1899-1900 AD	7
34	Śārvarin	Lord Shiva (Sharva to kill) The moon (Sharva dark)	2020-2021 AD	1960-1961 AD	1900-1901 AD	8
35	Plava	Refer 41, Float, Boat	2021-2022 AD	1961-1962 AD	1901-1902 AD	9
36	Śubhakṛt	Fortunate, Good Deed	2022-2023 AD	1962-1963 AD	1902-1903 AD	10
37	Śobhana	beautiful ,auspicious	2023-2024 AD	1963-1964 AD	1903-1904 AD	11
38	Krodhin	Angry, Passionate,	2024-2025 AD	1964-1965 AD	1904-1905 AD	12
39	Viśvāvasu	All Kinds of Wealth	2025-2026 AD	1965-1966 AD	1905-1906 AD	13
40	Parābhava	Defeating	2026-2027 AD	1966-1967 AD	1906-1907 AD	14
41	Plavaṅga	Refer 35: Jumping, Monkey, Deer	2027-2028 AD	1967-1968 AD	1907-1908 AD	15
42	Kīlaka	a pin , bolt	2028-2029 AD	1968-1969 AD	1908-1909 AD	16
43	Saumya	belonging to Soma(Moon), Soft	2029-2030 AD	1969-1970 AD	1909-1910 AD	17
44	Sādhāraṇa	Equal to All, Common	2030-2031 AD	1970-1971 AD	1910-1911 AD	18
45	Virodhakṛt	causing dissension or revolt	2031-2032 AD	1971-1972 AD	1911-1912 AD	19
46	Paridhāvin	Pari+Dhaava: running round	2032-2033 AD	1972-1973 AD	1912-1913 AD	20
47	Pramādin	Ref:13, intoxication madness	2033-2034 AD	1973-1974 AD	1913-1914 AD	21
48	Ānanda	pure happiness	2034-2035 AD	1974-1975 AD	1914-1915 AD	22
49	Rākṣasa	From Rakshasa, Demons,	2035-2036 AD	1975-1976 AD	1915-1916 AD	23
50	Nala/Anala	Anala=Fire,	2036-2037 AD	1976-1977 AD	1916-1917 AD	24
51	Piṅgala	Reddish Brown	2037-2038 AD	1977-1978 AD	1917-1918 AD	25
52	Kālayukta	fit for the (present) time, seasonable	2038-2039 AD	1978-1979 AD	1918-1919 AD	26
53	Siddhārthin	one who has accomplished an aim or object , successful , prosperous	2039-2040 AD	1979-1980 AD	1919-1920 AD	27
54	Raudra	Belonging to Rudra,	2040-2041 AD	1980-1981 AD	1920-1921 AD	28
55	Durmati	bad disposition of mind , envy , hatred	2041-2042 AD	1981-1982 AD	1921-1922 AD	29
56	Dundubhi	a drum, A type throw of the dice in gambling	2042-2043 AD	1982-1983 AD	1922-1923 AD	30
57	Rudhirodgārin	emitting blood	2043-2044 AD	1983-1984 AD	1923-1924 AD	31
58	Raktākṣin	red-eyed , having red or blood-shot eyes	2044-2045 AD	1984-1985 AD	1924-1925 AD	32
59	Krodhana/Manyu	inclined to wrath , passionate , angry	2045-2046 AD	1985-1986 AD	1925-1926 AD	33
60	Kṣaya	end , termination	2046-2047 AD	1986-1987 AD	1926-1927 AD	34

For reference below is some dates on which Saturn and Jupiter conjoin.  The results are from Swiss Ephemeris Test program.

-p5 -P6 -lon0 -b1/1/1900 -b12/31/2950 -fdp -oloc24 -sid1 
Ayanamsha
 on starting date: 22ø27'37"
 on end date:      37ø10'07"

starting date:     01/01/1900 00:00:00 ET
end date:          31/12/2950 00:00:00 ET
Transiting planet: Jupiter
Reference point:   0.0ø after longitudinal position of Saturn

28/11/1901 16:29:53    261.50700746  261.50700746
10/09/1921 04:14:15    153.82701890  153.82701890
08/08/1940 01:29:59     21.42845783   21.42845783
20/10/1940 04:28:59     19.43429366   19.43429366
15/02/1941 06:41:51     16.08739503   16.08739503
19/02/1961 00:02:18    271.88812160  271.88812160
31/12/1980 21:22:16    165.91064972  165.91064972
04/03/1981 19:09:38    164.51699086  164.51699086
24/07/1981 04:15:34    161.33810016  161.33810016
28/05/2000 16:06:17     28.86331167   28.86331167
21/12/2020 18:21:46    276.34074477  276.34074477
31/10/2040 11:47:53    173.50644966  173.50644966
07/04/2060 22:34:20     36.07911596   36.07911596
15/03/2080 01:34:02    286.89677119  286.89677118
18/09/2100 22:35:57    180.27033183  180.27033183
15/07/2119 23:30:18     49.33071179   49.33071179
14/01/2140 16:07:49    291.26188894  291.26188894
21/12/2159 03:10:30    191.88264630  191.88264630
28/05/2179 03:21:45     56.68163439   56.68163439
07/04/2199 22:39:44    301.67944662  301.67944662
31/10/2219 23:10:20    197.76599937  197.76599937
07/09/2238 16:45:34     69.43905164   69.43905164
13/01/2239 11:03:52     66.21789524   66.21789524
22/03/2239 20:13:37     64.48386397   64.48386397
03/02/2259 03:01:18    305.78361135  305.78361135
06/02/2279 17:34:40    208.22171586  208.22171586
07/05/2279 05:52:59    206.09663166  206.09663166
31/08/2279 14:31:35    203.35723271  203.35723271
12/07/2298 19:07:54     76.71242046   76.71242046
27/04/2318 06:45:35    315.91949233  315.91949233
02/12/2338 06:28:59    213.42518813  213.42518813
23/05/2358 04:51:03     83.67456068   83.67456068
18/02/2378 23:09:43    319.80770013  319.80770013
02/10/2398 21:50:22    217.98413199  217.98413199
24/08/2417 16:23:30     95.75279985   95.75279985
11/05/2437 09:29:32    329.86403602  329.86403602
24/12/2457 13:43:18    227.61145375  227.61145375
06/07/2477 20:10:35    102.37189621  102.37189621
04/03/2497 13:36:08    333.76598374  333.76598374
24/10/2517 22:21:12    231.62583269  231.62583268
08/10/2536 02:51:04    114.19091792  114.19091792
27/05/2556 05:53:41    344.11207560  344.11207560
12/01/2577 19:26:06    241.11905443  241.11905443
19/08/2596 04:47:26    120.92531998  120.92531998
23/03/2616 04:03:20    348.47565930  348.47565930
12/11/2636 19:57:54    244.99155033  244.99155033
09/12/2655 07:10:35    132.49187974  132.49187974
08/02/2656 11:50:23    131.16102717  131.16102717
29/06/2656 04:51:19    127.98096173  127.98096173
18/06/2675 23:55:45    359.44503707  359.44503707
01/02/2696 20:39:17    254.71775271  254.71775271
07/10/2715 02:35:54    139.98981495  139.98981496
17/04/2735 19:15:04      4.71712054    4.71712054
03/12/2755 23:12:49    258.76820870  258.76820870
25/08/2775 10:46:00    147.18213049  147.18213049
22/07/2794 11:26:47     16.45037226   16.45037226
11/12/2794 11:04:04     12.42288162   12.42288162
23/01/2795 03:12:14     11.21415269   11.21415269
23/02/2815 06:43:30    268.90685191  268.90685191
30/11/2834 11:10:16    159.58410604  159.58410604
20/05/2854 16:02:18     22.91729360   22.91729360
25/12/2874 15:58:40    273.24774914  273.24774914
16/10/2894 19:21:15    166.97774318  166.97774318
30/09/2913 22:56:25     34.57262713   34.57262713
14/10/2913 17:20:57     34.20973435   34.20973435
24/03/2914 08:04:08     29.73793124   29.73793124
19/03/2934 09:55:22    283.75316972  283.75316972